User Manual

 

What is a LiPo Battery? 

A Lithium Polymer (LiPo) battery represents the cutting-edge in rechargeable energy storage, utilizing advanced polymer electrolyte technology that enables:

  • 40-60% higher energy density (200-300Wh/kg) vs traditional lithium-ion
  • Ultra-thin profiles down to 1mm thickness for specialized applications
  • Customizable shapes (prismatic, pouch, flexible designs)
  • Superior discharge capabilities (up to 100C burst rates)

Electrochemical Fundamentals (Expanded)

Molecular Architecture

Cathode Developments:

  • LiCoO₂ (LCO): Standard 180-200mAh/g capacity
  • LiNiMnCoO₂ (NMC): 220mAh/g with better thermal stability
  • LiFePO₄ (LFP): 160mAh/g but 2000+ cycle life

Anode Innovations:

  • Silicon-graphite composites (400mAh/g vs 372mAh/g pure graphite)
  • Lithium titanate (LTO) for extreme fast-charging

Voltage Characteristics

State of Charge Voltage (V/cell) Chemical State
100% (Fully charged) 4.20V All Li⁺ extracted from cathode
50% (Nominal) 3.70V Equilibrium state
20% (Low) 3.50V Cathode nearing depletion
0% (Critical) 3.00V Anode saturation point

Why Choose LiPo? 

Performance Advantages Table

Feature Technical Benefit Real-World Application
Power Density 500-1000W/kg FPV racing quads (5:1 thrust ratio)
Form Factor 0.5mm thin cells Flexible electronics, wearables
Discharge Rate 50-100C continuous Competition RC vehicles
Temperature Range -20°C to 60°C All-weather UAV operations

⚠️ Critical Safety Note: LiPo batteries contain volatile organic electrolytes requiring strict protocols:

  • Thermal runaway threshold: 150-200°C depending on chemistry
  • Vent gas composition: CO₂, HF, and organic vapors
  • Explosion risk: 1kJ energy release per 1000mAh capacity

LiPo Battery Parameters 

1. Cell Configuration Matrix

S-Rating Voltage Configuration Max Current*
1S 3.7V Single cell 50A
2S 7.4V Series 100A
6S 22.2V Series 300A
2S2P 7.4V Series-Parallel 200A

*Based on 5000mAh 50C battery

2. Capacity Deep Dive

Energy Calculation:

Energy (Wh) = Voltage × Capacity (Ah) Example: 4S 5000mAh → 14.8V × 5Ah = 74Wh

Weight Efficiency:

  • Standard: 150-180Wh/kg
  • High-performance: 200-250Wh/kg

3. Discharge Dynamics

C-Rating Truth Table:

C Rating Pulse Duration Temperature Rise
20C Continuous +15°C
50C 10sec bursts +30°C
100C 2sec bursts +50°C

4. Connector Technical Specs

Type Current Rating Contact Resistance Mating Cycles
XT30 30A 0.5mΩ 500+
XT60 60A 0.3mΩ 1000+
EC5 120A 0.2mΩ 1500+

How to Choose the Right LiPo Battery

Step 1: Match Voltage to Your Motor

Check your motor's kV rating (e.g., 3500kV = 3500 RPM per volt).

A 3S (11.1V) battery on a 3500kV motor = 38,850 RPM.

Step 2: Balance Capacity & Weight

For drones, keep total weight 50-70% of max thrust.

Example: A 1.2kg drone with 2kg thrust can use an 800–1000g battery.

Step 3: Optimize C Rating

High-performance RC cars/drones: 50C+

Long-flight drones: 10–25C (lower C = lighter)

Step 4: Physical Fit

Measure your model's battery compartment before buying.

🔹 Recommended Batteries:

RC Car Batteries | FPV Drone Batteries | RC Plane/Heli Batteries


Required Certifications for LiPo Batteries

  1. UN38.3 – Mandatory for safe transport of lithium batteries (air/land/sea).

  2. IEC 62133-2 – International safety standard for portable sealed cells.

  3. UL 2054 – U.S. safety certification for battery packs (ensures fire/electrical hazard compliance).

LiPo Battery Maintenance

Before Charging

  • Inspect for Damage

    • Look for swelling, leaks, or torn wires. Discard immediately if damage is found.

  • Check Voltage

    • Minimum safe voltage: 3.0V per cell (never charge if below this).

    • Storage voltage: 3.7–3.85V per cell.

  • Use a LiPo-Specific Charger

    • Never use NiMH/NiCd chargers—LiPo requires precise voltage control (4.2V max per cell).

Charging Best Practices

  • Charge Rate

    • 1C recommended (e.g., 5A for a 5000mAh battery).

    • Emergency fast charging at 2C is possible but degrades lifespan.

  • Balance Charge

    • Ensures all cells charge evenly (critical for packs with 2+ cells).

  • Temperature Monitoring

    • Safe range: Below 45°C (113°F). Stop if hot to the touch.

  • Never Leave Unattended

    • Charge in a fireproof container (LiPo bags or metal ammo cans).

Storage Tips

  • Voltage Maintenance

    • Long-term storage: 3.7–3.85V per cell (prevents degradation).

  • Environment

    • Fireproof bag + room temperature (20–25°C / 68–77°F ideal).

    • Humidity should be <50% to avoid corrosion.

  • Avoid Extremes

    • Never store below 0°C (32°F) or above 60°C (140°F).

Discharging & Usage

  • Voltage Limits

    • Under load: Never discharge below 3.0V per cell.

    • Resting voltage: Should recover to ≥3.3V after use.

  • Cool-Down Period

    • Allow 10–15 minutes between high-load sessions (e.g., drones, RC cars).

  • Post-Use Recharge

    • If deeply discharged, recharge within 2 hours to prevent cell damage.

LiPo Battery Safety: Do's & Don'ts

Do's

  • Use a LiPo-safe bag for storage.

  • Dispose of damaged batteries (swollen, leaking, or >60°C).

  • Store terminals taped to prevent short circuits.

Don'ts

  • Never puncture, crush, or bend LiPos (risk of thermal runaway).

  • Never charge the battery in a Lipo safe bag, as it poses an explosion risk..

  • Avoid over-discharging (<3.0V per cell causes irreversible damage).

  • No direct sunlight or hot surfaces (e.g., car dashboards).

Disposal Guide

  1. Fully Discharge to 0V

    • Use a LiPo discharger or a saltwater bath (5% salt solution, 24–48 hours).

  2. Terminal Protection

    • Tape ends before disposal to prevent sparks.

  3. Recycle Properly

    • Take to e-waste centers (never trash or incinerate).

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Issue Cause Solution
Swelling Overcharge/Deep discharge Dispose immediately—DO NOT USE!
Reduced Runtime Aging cells/Unbalanced charging Balance charge or replace battery.
Overheating High C-rating/Poor ventilation Reduce load, add cooling, or upgrade.
No Power Over-discharged (<2.5V per cell) Likely unrecoverable—replace.

Advanced Tips for Longevity

  • Cycle Batteries Every 10–15 Charges

    • Discharge to 3.7V, then recharge to recalibrate cells.

  • Label Purchase Dates

    • Typical lifespan: 300–500 cycles (or 2–3 years with proper care).

  • Match Batteries to Load

    • Use a C-rating appropriate for your device (e.g., 50C for high-drain RC models).

Emergency Response

  • Fire Protocol

    • Use a Class D fire extinguisher (for lithium fires) or sand. Water is ineffective!

  • Leaking Battery

    • Place in saltwater, then dispose. Avoid skin contact with electrolyte.

LiPo Battery Resources & Support

Download Manuals & Firmware

For product instructions, firmware updates, and compatibility guides, visit:
🔗 Download Center

Comprehensive Battery Safety

Learn more about safe handling, certifications, and emergency protocols:
🔗 OVONIC Battery Safety Hub

Why These Resources Matter

  1. Manuals/Firmware

    • Ensure optimal performance with the latest software.

    • Troubleshoot installation or charging issues.

  2. Safety Guides

    • Detailed protocols for storage, transport, and disposal.

    • Regulatory compliance (UN38.3, UL 2054, etc.).

Need Help? Contact support through the links above or check our FAQ sections.